Molecular and biochemical characterization of solid waste biodegrading microbes isolated from municipal waste dump site
Abstract
Solid waste dump site-based pollution is one of the colossal health concerns globally due to presence of cellulose, starch, protein, and lipids, which is a perfect nutrient waste for the development of biodegrading potential microbes. The current study aimed to determine the productive microorganisms for waste biodegradation. Ten samples were collected from different areas of Karachi waste dump sites. The identification and characterization of isolates were done by morphological and biochemical tests. The isolated microbes were qualitatively screened for the action of making industrially key bio-enzymes. The potential enzymes producing microbes were subjected to waste degradation test for 90 days. Changes of odor, color and weight loss of decomposing garbage were noted. The highest degradation ability in term of weight loss was shown by Aspergillus (SSI14) and Bacillus (SSI6). Four metals (zinc sulphate, cadmium chloride, copper sulphate and iron sulphate) were chosen for the purpose of metals tolerance test and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the isolated microbial strains. Current study reported that Zn was found to be more lethal in in comparison to Cu and Fe. Molecular identification of the isolated microbes was done by polymerase chain reaction. The microbial strains were characterized by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by confirmation of product by agarose gel electrophoresis. The findings can be served as baseline data to develop microbial apparatus for biodegradation and management of solid waste.
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References
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Dutta, P., Deb, A., & Majumdar, S. (2016). Optimization of the medium for the production of extracellular amylase by the Pseudomonas stutzeri ISL B5 isolated from municipal solid waste. International journal of microbiology, 2016.
Duza, M. B., & Mastan, S. A. (2013). Isolation, characterization and screening of enzyme producing bacteria from different soil samples. International Journal of pharma and bio sciences, 4(3).
Emimol, A., Ganga, G., Parvathy, R., Radhika, G., & Nair, G. M. (2012). Screening of microbes producing extracellular hydrolytic enzyme from corporation waste dumping site and house hold waste for the enhancement of bioremediation methods. IOSR-JPBS, 4, 54-60.
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Khatiwada, P., Ahmed, J., Sohag, M. H., Islam, K., & Azad, A. K. (2016). Isolation, screening and characterization of cellulase producing bacterial isolates from municipal solid wastes and rice straw wastes. J Bioprocess Biotech, 6(280), 2.
Mgbemena, I. C., Nnokwe, J. C., Adjeroh, L. A., & Onyemekara, N. N. (2012). Resistance of bacteria isolated from Otamiri River to heavy metals and some selected antibiotics. Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 4(5), 551-556.
Mishra, A., & Mishra, K. P. (2015). Bacterial response as determinant of oxidative stress by heavy metals and antibiotic. J Innov Pharm Biol Sci, 2(3), 229-239.
Odeyemi, A. (2012). Antibiogram Status of Bacterial Isolates from Air around Dumpsite of Ekiti State Destitute Centre at Ilokun, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Journal of Microbiology Research, 2(1), 12-18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5923/j.microbiology.20120202.03
Ohgiwari, M., Matsushita, M., & Matsuyama, T. (1992). Morphological changes in growth phenomena of bacterial colony patterns. Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 61(3), 816-822.
Patagundi, B. I., Shivasharan, C. T., & Kaliwal, B. B. (2014). Isolation and characterization of cellulase producing bacteria from soil. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 3(5), 59-69.
Prakasam, C., Siddharthan, E. P. N., & Hemalatha, N. (2017). Isolation, identification, enumeration and antibiotic profiling of microbes from soil contaminated with hospital waste dumbing. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, 5(3), 126.
Sabdono, A., Radjasa, O. K., & Utomo, H. S. (2012). Screening of multi-metal resistances in a bacterial population isolated from coral tissues of central Java coastal waters, Indonesia. Int J Oceanog Marine Ecol Syst, 1, 11-23.
Sánchez‐Porro, C., Martin, S., Mellado, E., & Ventosa, A. (2003). Diversity of moderately halophilic bacteria producing extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. Journal of applied microbiology, 94(2), 295-300.
Sangale, M. K., Shahnawaz, M., & Ade, A. B. (2012). A review on biodegradation of polythene: the microbial approach. J Bioremed Biodeg, 3(10), 1-9.
Shumi, W., Hossain, M. D. T., & Anwar, M. N. (2004). Production of protease from Listeria monocytogenes. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 6(6), 1097-1100.
Siddiqqui, M. A. (2017). Research Article Molecular Characterisation of Bacterial Species Isolated from Landfill Site.
Siddiqui, K. S., Saqib, A. A. N., Rashid, M. H., & Rajoka, M. I. (2000). Carboxyl group modification significantly altered the kinetic properties of purified carboxymethylcellulase from Aspergillus niger. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 27(7), 467-474.
Silver, S. (1996). Bacterial resistances to toxic metal ions-a review. Gene, 179(1), 9-19.
Singh, S. K. (2015). Isolation and characterization of bacteria isolated from municipal solid waste for production of industrial enzymes and waste degradation (Doctoral dissertation).
Thapa, S., Shrestha, R., Tirewal, A., Sharma, A., & Yuvraj, K. C. (2015). Isolation of yeast from soil and different food samples and its characterization based on fermentation. Nepal journal of biotechnology, 3(1), 29-34.
Tong, Z. (2011). Colony PCR Using Yeast Spheroplasted Cells.
Townsend, T. G., Powell, J., Jain, P., Xu, Q., Tolaymat, T., & Reinhart, D. (2015). Sustainable practices for landfill design and operation. Springer.
Vancov, T., & Keen, B. (2009). Amplification of soil fungal community DNA using the ITS86F and ITS4 primers. FEMS microbiology letters, 296(1), 91-96.
Zaved, H. K., Rahman, M. M., Rahman, M. M., Rahman, A., Arafat, S. M. Y., & Rahman, M. S. (2008). Isolation and characterization of effective bacteria for solid waste degradation for organic manure. Current Applied Science and Technology, 8(2), 44-55.
Alexander, M. (1978). Introduction to soil microbiology. Soil Science, 125(5), 331.
Bal, S., Mishra, R. R., Rath, B., Sahu, H. K., & Thatoi, H. N. (2009). Characterization and extracellular enzyme activity of predominant marine Bacillus spp. isolated from sea water of Orissa Coast, India. Malaysian Journal of Microbiology, 5(2), 87-93.
Begum, K., Mannan, S. J., Rezwan, R., Rahman, M. M., Rahman, M. S., & Kamal, A. N. E. (2017). Isolation and characterization of bacteria with biochemical and pharmacological importance from soil samples of Dhaka City. Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 16(1), 129-136.
Berkeley, R. C. W., & Campbelt, R. (1972). Microbial nutrition and the influence of environmental factors on microbial growth and other activities, In: Microorganism: Function, Form and Environment. . Edward Arnold(Publisher limited).
Bezverbnaya, I. P., Buzoleva, L. S., & Khristoforova, N. S. (2005). Metal-resistant heterotrophic bacteria in coastal waters of Primorye. Russian Journal of Marine Biology, 31(2), 73-77.
Braga, R. M., Dourado, M. N., & Araújo, W. L. (2016). Microbial interactions: ecology in a molecular perspective. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 47, 86-98.
Cecchi, F., Bolzonella, D., Pavan, P., Macé, S., & Mata-Alvarez, J. (2011). 6.31 - Anaerobic Digestion of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste for Methane Production: Research and Industrial Application. In M. Moo-Young (Ed.), Comprehensive Biotechnology (Third Edition) (pp. 411-420). Pergamon. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-64046-8.00369-4
Chávez, R. A. P., Carvalho, J. C. M., Converti, A., Perego, P., Tavares, L. C., & Sato, S. (2004). Production of alpha-amylase and glucoamylase from different starches by a new Trichoderma sp. isolate. ANNALS OF MICROBIOLOGY., 54, 169-180.
Drackner, M. (2005). What is waste? To whom?-An anthropological perspective on garbage. Waste management & research, 23(3), 175-181.
Dutta, P., Deb, A., & Majumdar, S. (2016). Optimization of the medium for the production of extracellular amylase by the Pseudomonas stutzeri ISL B5 isolated from municipal solid waste. International journal of microbiology, 2016.
Duza, M. B., & Mastan, S. A. (2013). Isolation, characterization and screening of enzyme producing bacteria from different soil samples. International Journal of pharma and bio sciences, 4(3).
Emimol, A., Ganga, G., Parvathy, R., Radhika, G., & Nair, G. M. (2012). Screening of microbes producing extracellular hydrolytic enzyme from corporation waste dumping site and house hold waste for the enhancement of bioremediation methods. IOSR-JPBS, 4, 54-60.
Emimol., A., Ganga, G., Parvathy, R., & NairG., M. (2012). Screening of Microbes producing extracellular hydrolytic enzyme from corporation waste dumping site and house hold waste for the enhancement of bioremediation methods. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 4(1), 54-56.
Emmanuel, U., Ifeanyichukwu, I., Chika, E., Chike, O., & Chinyere, N. (2017). Isolation and Characterization of Bacteria and Fungi Associated With Biodegradation of Municipal Solid Wastes in Abakaliki Metropolis, Nigeria. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 2(3), 238795.
Faryal, R., Lodhi, A., & Hameed, A. (2006). Isolation, characterization and biosorption of zinc by indigenous fungal strains Aspergillus fumigatus RH05 and Aspergillus flavus RH07. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 38(3), 817.
Fujio, Y., & Kume, S. (1991). Isolation and identification of thermophilic bacteria from sewage sludge compost. Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering, 72(5), 334-337. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0922-338X(91)90082-R
Gaur, S., Agrahari, S., & Wadhwa, N. (2010). Purification of protease from Pseudomonas thermaerum GW1 isolated from poultry waste site. The Open Microbiology Journal, 4, 67.
Gautam, B., Dongol, E., & Shrestha, A. (2017). In-vitro antimicrobial activity of different toothpastes. Journal of Kathmandu Medical College, 6(2), 52-58.
Gautam, S. P., Bundela, P. S., Pandey, A. K., Awasthi, M. K., & Sarsaiya, S. (2012). Diversity of cellulolytic microbes and the biodegradation of municipal solid waste by a potential strain. International journal of microbiology, 2012.
Hamed, A., & Hameed, I. (2017). Isolation and Characterization of Bacteria and Fungi Associated with Biodegradation of Municipal Solid Wastes in Abakaliki Metropolis, Nigeria. Nigeria (April 27, 2017).
Hamid, B., Jehangir, A., Baba, Z. A., & Fatima, S. (2019). Isolation and Characterization of Cold Active Bacterial Species from Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Site. Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 3(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjes.2019.1.9
Hoornweg, D., & Bhada-Tata, P. (2012). What a waste: a global review of solid waste management.
Khatiwada, P., Ahmed, J., Sohag, M. H., Islam, K., & Azad, A. K. (2016). Isolation, screening and characterization of cellulase producing bacterial isolates from municipal solid wastes and rice straw wastes. J Bioprocess Biotech, 6(280), 2.
Mgbemena, I. C., Nnokwe, J. C., Adjeroh, L. A., & Onyemekara, N. N. (2012). Resistance of bacteria isolated from Otamiri River to heavy metals and some selected antibiotics. Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 4(5), 551-556.
Mishra, A., & Mishra, K. P. (2015). Bacterial response as determinant of oxidative stress by heavy metals and antibiotic. J Innov Pharm Biol Sci, 2(3), 229-239.
Odeyemi, A. (2012). Antibiogram Status of Bacterial Isolates from Air around Dumpsite of Ekiti State Destitute Centre at Ilokun, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Journal of Microbiology Research, 2(1), 12-18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5923/j.microbiology.20120202.03
Ohgiwari, M., Matsushita, M., & Matsuyama, T. (1992). Morphological changes in growth phenomena of bacterial colony patterns. Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 61(3), 816-822.
Patagundi, B. I., Shivasharan, C. T., & Kaliwal, B. B. (2014). Isolation and characterization of cellulase producing bacteria from soil. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 3(5), 59-69.
Prakasam, C., Siddharthan, E. P. N., & Hemalatha, N. (2017). Isolation, identification, enumeration and antibiotic profiling of microbes from soil contaminated with hospital waste dumbing. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, 5(3), 126.
Sabdono, A., Radjasa, O. K., & Utomo, H. S. (2012). Screening of multi-metal resistances in a bacterial population isolated from coral tissues of central Java coastal waters, Indonesia. Int J Oceanog Marine Ecol Syst, 1, 11-23.
Sánchez‐Porro, C., Martin, S., Mellado, E., & Ventosa, A. (2003). Diversity of moderately halophilic bacteria producing extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. Journal of applied microbiology, 94(2), 295-300.
Sangale, M. K., Shahnawaz, M., & Ade, A. B. (2012). A review on biodegradation of polythene: the microbial approach. J Bioremed Biodeg, 3(10), 1-9.
Shumi, W., Hossain, M. D. T., & Anwar, M. N. (2004). Production of protease from Listeria monocytogenes. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 6(6), 1097-1100.
Siddiqqui, M. A. (2017). Research Article Molecular Characterisation of Bacterial Species Isolated from Landfill Site.
Siddiqui, K. S., Saqib, A. A. N., Rashid, M. H., & Rajoka, M. I. (2000). Carboxyl group modification significantly altered the kinetic properties of purified carboxymethylcellulase from Aspergillus niger. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 27(7), 467-474.
Silver, S. (1996). Bacterial resistances to toxic metal ions-a review. Gene, 179(1), 9-19.
Singh, S. K. (2015). Isolation and characterization of bacteria isolated from municipal solid waste for production of industrial enzymes and waste degradation (Doctoral dissertation).
Thapa, S., Shrestha, R., Tirewal, A., Sharma, A., & Yuvraj, K. C. (2015). Isolation of yeast from soil and different food samples and its characterization based on fermentation. Nepal journal of biotechnology, 3(1), 29-34.
Tong, Z. (2011). Colony PCR Using Yeast Spheroplasted Cells.
Townsend, T. G., Powell, J., Jain, P., Xu, Q., Tolaymat, T., & Reinhart, D. (2015). Sustainable practices for landfill design and operation. Springer.
Vancov, T., & Keen, B. (2009). Amplification of soil fungal community DNA using the ITS86F and ITS4 primers. FEMS microbiology letters, 296(1), 91-96.
Zaved, H. K., Rahman, M. M., Rahman, M. M., Rahman, A., Arafat, S. M. Y., & Rahman, M. S. (2008). Isolation and characterization of effective bacteria for solid waste degradation for organic manure. Current Applied Science and Technology, 8(2), 44-55.
Published
2023-06-06
How to Cite
AFSHAN, Naheed et al.
Molecular and biochemical characterization of solid waste biodegrading microbes isolated from municipal waste dump site.
Acta Brasiliensis, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 1, p. 7-13, june 2023.
ISSN 2526-4338.
Available at: <http://revistas.ufcg.edu.br/ActaBra/index.php/actabra/article/view/629>. Date accessed: 18 may 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.22571/2526-4338629.
Section
Microbiology
